Smoking is very Glamorous Essay Example

Smoking is very Glamorous Essay Example Smoking is very Glamorous Paper Smoking is very Glamorous Paper A Poster is as defined in the Oxford dictionary a placard posted or displayed in a public place as an announcement or advertisement. The aim of a poster is to sell a product, or to get a point of view across to a large target audience. The posters produced usually fall into 3 main genres, informative, Political and commercial purposes.  Posters usually can make a huge impact on its audience by grabbing attention through laughter, protest or questions. To achieve a maximum target audience they are placed in public areas e.g. very busy roads and streets on billboards, on the public transport system London Underground, Buses, trains, cinemas, factories, shops and shopping areas. Over the years posters have had to evolve the designs and the vocabulary. Also they have had to take into consideration the current environmental and social issues that are particularly sensitive. A very good example of this is the old Bovril advert where a bull is looking into a jar of Bovril mourning the loss of his brother. For now that would appear distasteful to vegetarians and those concerned with animal rights and animal welfare. Bovril is still advertised but in a far more appropriate manner. Modern posters have not only evolved with social and environmental issues but also in their designs graphically and imagery. This is due too much more advanced technology for print, photography, 3d, rotation and lightening.  Fig 1 Fig 2  Poster 1  Smoking is very Glamorous  This is one of a series of posters produced in USA by the American Cancer Society, which stresses the consequences of smoking. This poster (fig 2) has a picture of a person I use the term a person, as it is very difficult to identify whether it is a male or female, this person is possibly elderly and has large bags under their eyes and is very wrinkled. They are portraying an ugly, dirty person who has smoked all their life. In their hand is a cigarette, which they are taking a long hard drag on. This image is depicting a very dirty image, which according to the wording is meant to be glamorous. I feel that this is implying that smoking is a disgusting and dirty habit. The wording underneath is written to be sarcastic saying smoking is very glamorous it is using a play on the words as from this picture you actually get a completely different message you can clearly see that smoking is not at all glamorous. This poster is very effective as you read the words first because they really stand out and then the image hits you and makes you really think, it is quite a depressing image, subtly displaying the effects of ageing and ill health all consequences of long term smoking. It certainly has the capabilities of making an impact and grabbing the target audiences attention. It has created the image from the originator to the recipient that it is not really as glamorous as some people have said and that it can kill you. Since the age of Jazz, Hollywood portrayed the image of smoking as the thing to do to look glamorous as can be seen in the advert in fig 1, so when this advert appeared in the 1970s it contradicted that image with huge effect. Poster 2  This drink has been rated for mature audiences only  Fig 3  I have chosen this poster to look at as it is on the other side of Health issues and that is promoting alcohol. Promoting alcohol is a very sensitive subject as people are much more health consious and concerned about health issues and like cigaretttes alcohol is an addictive drug the root of all evil. Here (fig3) this is the Dewars Scotch advert for the drink Absolute Vodka. You can see an attractive women on the top holding a tray with glasses of drink probably vodka on it clearly happy and enjoying her self. Underneath her is a bottle of the vodka tighly secure in a chain, padlock and key with the words This drink has been rated for mature audiences only. At first sight this advert is giving the message to the recipient to discourage them from under age drinking. I feel that the alcohol industry does not want the under age to drink but it does want to promote a positive attitude towards drink before they start drinking. This advert is I feel one of those from the originator aimed at those adolescents who are anxious to enter into adult life by almost encouraging them with the words This drink has been rated for mature audiences only As stated in the Advertising Age product image is probably the most important element in selling liquor Dewars Scotch ran this advert as part of its successful long running campaign for Absolut vodka managing to create that image. As you can see in the poster it focuses on the shape of the bottle and the word Absolut I think they are trying to promate it as absolut perfection hence why the bottle is set in a halo. What the chains symbolise I am not sure but I do feel if that you are a problem drinker you will be chained to that bottle. I do feel that this advert is aimed at the image, and making that image of drinking sexy. I do feel that this is not good for the future of our generation the children and adolescents. Cigarettes have to carry a Government Health warning and are limited to where and how the adverts are displayed and I do feel that alcohol should be treated the same, rather than promted as sexy like the cigarettes were up to world war two.

Biography of Angelina Grimké, American Abolitionist

Biography of Angelina Grimkà ©, American Abolitionist Angelina Grimkà © (February 21, 1805–October 26, 1879) was a southern woman from a slaveholding family who, along with her sister Sarah, became an advocate of abolitionism. The sisters late became advocates of womens rights after their anti-slavery efforts were criticized because their outspokenness violated traditional gender roles. With her sister and her husband Theodore Weld, Angelina Grimkà © wrote American Slavery As It Is, a major abolitionist text. Fast Facts: Angelina Grimkà © Known For: Grimkà © was an influential abolitionist and womens rights advocate.Born: February 20, 1805 in Charleston, South CarolinaParents: John Faucheraud Grimkà ©Ã‚  and Mary SmithDied: October 26, 1879 in Boston, MassachusettsSpouse: Theodore Weld (m. 1838-1879)Children: Theodore, Sarah Early Life Angelina Emily Grimkà © was born on February 20, 1805, in Charleston, South Carolina. She was the 14th child of Mary Smith Grimkà © and John Faucheraud Grimkà ©. Mary Smiths wealthy family included two governors during colonial times. John Grimkà ©, who was descended from German and Huguenot settlers, had been a Continental Army captain during the Revolutionary War. He served in the state House of Representatives and was the states chief justice. The family spent their summers in Charleston and the rest of the year on the Beaufort plantation. The Grimkà © plantation produced rice until the invention of the cotton gin made cotton more profitable. The family owned many slaves, including field hands and household servants. Angelina, like her sister Sarah, was offended by slavery from an early age. She fainted one day at the seminary when she saw a slave boy her own age opening a window and noticed that he could barely walk and was covered on his legs and back with bleeding wounds from a whipping. Sarah tried to console and comfort her, but Angelina was shaken by the experience. At age 13, Angelina refused confirmation in the Anglican church of her family because of the churchs support for slavery. When Angelina was 13, her sister Sarah accompanied their father to Philadelphia and then to New Jersey for his health. Their father died there, and Sarah returned to Philadelphia and joined the Quakers, drawn by their anti-slavery stance and their inclusion of women in leadership roles. Sarah briefly returned home to South Carolina before moving to Philadelphia. It fell on Angelina, in Sarahs absence and after her fathers death, to manage the plantation and care for her mother. Angelina tried to persuade her mother to set at least the household slaves free, but her mother refused. In 1827, Sarah returned for a longer visit. Angelina decided she would become a Quaker, remain in Charleston, and persuade her fellow southerners to oppose slavery. In Philadelphia Within two years, Angelina gave up hope of having any impact while remaining at home. She moved to join her sister in Philadelphia, and she and Sarah set out to educate themselves. Angelina was accepted at Catherine Beechers school for girls, but their Quaker meeting refused to give permission for her to attend. The Quakers also discouraged Sarah from becoming a preacher. Angelina became engaged, but her fiance died in an epidemic. Sarah also received an offer of marriage but refused it, thinking she might lose the freedom she valued. They received word about that time that their brother Thomas had died. He had been a hero to the sisters, for he was involved in emancipating slaves by sending volunteers back to Africa. Abolitionism The sisters turned to the growing abolitionist movement. Angelina joined the Philadelphia Female Anti-Slavery Society, which was associated with the American Anti-Slavery Society, founded in 1833. On August 30, 1835, Angelina Grimkà © wrote a letter to William Lloyd Garrison, a leader of the American Anti-Slavery Society and the editor of the abolitionist newspaper The Liberator. Angelina mentioned in the letter her first-hand knowledge of slavery. To Angelinas shock, Garrison printed her letter in his newspaper. The letter was reprinted widely and Angelina found herself famous and at the center of the anti-slavery world. The letter became part of a widely-read anti-slavery pamphlet. The Quakers of Philadelphia did not approve of Angelinas anti-slavery involvement, however, nor of Sarahs less radical involvement. At the Philadelphia Yearly Meeting of Quakers, Sarah was silenced by a male Quaker leader. The sisters decided to move to Providence, Rhode Island, in 1836, where the Quakers were more supportive of abolitionism. In Rhode Island, Angelina published a tract, Appeal to the Christian Women of the South. She argued that women could and should end slavery through their influence. Her sister Sarah wrote An Epistle to the Clergy of the Southern States. In that essay, Sarah confronted Biblical arguments typically used by the clergy to justify slavery. Sarah followed that with another pamphlet, An Address to Free Colored Americans. While these were published by two southerners and addressed to southerners, they were reprinted widely in New England. In South Carolina, the tracts were publicly burned. Speaking Career Angelina and Sarah received many invitations to speak, first at anti-slavery conventions and then at other venues in the north. Fellow abolitionist Theodore Weld helped train the sisters to improve their speaking skills. The sisters toured, speaking in 67 cities in 23 weeks. At first, they spoke to all-woman audiences, but then men began to attend the lectures as well. A woman speaking to a mixed audience was considered scandalous. The criticism helped them understand that social limitations on women were part of the same system that upheld slavery. It was arranged for Sarah to speak to the Massachusetts legislature on slavery. Sarah became ill and Angelina filled in for her. Angelina was thus the first woman to speak to a United States legislative body. After returning to Providence, the sisters still traveled and spoke but also wrote, this time appealing to their northern audience. Angelina wrote an Appeal to the Women of the Nominally Free States in 1837, while Sarah wrote an Address to the Free Colored People of the United States. They spoke at the Anti-Slavery Convention of American Women. Catherine Beecher publicly criticized the sisters for not keeping to the proper feminine sphere, i.e. the private, domestic sphere. Angelina responded with Letters to Catherine Beecher, arguing for full political rights for women- including the right to hold public office. Marriage Angelina married fellow abolitionist Theodore Weld in 1838, the same young man who had helped prepare the sisters for their speaking tour. The marriage ceremony included friends and fellow activists both white and black. Six former slaves of the Grimkà © family attended. Weld was a Presbyterian; the ceremony was not a Quaker one. Garrison read the vows and Theodore renounced all legal power that laws at the time gave him over Angelinas property. They left obey out of the vows. Because the wedding was not a Quaker wedding and her husband was not a Quaker, Angelina was expelled from the Quaker meeting. Sarah was also expelled for attending the wedding. Angelina and Theodore moved onto a farm in New Jersey and Sarah moved in with them. Angelinas first child was born in 1839; two more and a miscarriage followed. The family focused their lives around raising the three Weld children and on demonstrating that they could manage a household without slaves. They took in boarders and opened a school. Friends, including Elizabeth Cady Stanton and her husband, visited them at the farm. Angelinas health, however, began to decline. American Slavery As It Is In 1839, the Grimkà © sisters published American Slavery As It Is: Testimony From a Thousand Witnesses. The book was later used as a source by Harriet Beecher Stowe for her 1852 book Uncle Toms Cabin. The sisters kept up their correspondence with other anti-slavery and pro womens rights activists. One of their letters was to the 1852 womens rights convention in Syracuse, New York. In 1854, Angelina, Theodore, Sarah, and the children moved to Perth Amboy, New Jersey, operating a school there until 1862. All three supported the Union in the Civil War, seeing it as a path to end slavery. Theodore Weld traveled and lectured occasionally. The sisters published An Appeal to the Women of the Republic, calling for a pro-Union womens convention. When it was held, Angelina was among the speakers. The sisters and Theodore moved to Boston and became active in the womens rights movement after the Civil War. All three served as officers of the Massachusetts Womens Suffrage Association. On March 7, 1870, as part of a protest involving 42 other women, Angelina and Sarah illegally voted. Death Sarah died in Boston in 1873. Angelina suffered several strokes shortly after Sarahs death and became paralyzed. She died in Boston in 1879. Legacy Grimkà ©s activism had a profound effect on the abolitionist and womens rights movements. In 1998, she was posthumously inducted into the National Womens Hall of Fame. Sources Browne, Stephen H.  Angelina Grimke Rhetoric, Identity, and the Radical Imagination. Michigan State University Press, 2012.Grimkà ©, Sarah Moore, et al.  On Slavery and Abolitionism: Essays and Letters. Penguin Books, 2014.

ESCAPING SALEM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

ESCAPING SALEM - Essay Example In an attempt to find what she is suffering from – mind, it being an era that witchcraft was common -- Kate accuses others of bewitching her. Two women were finally put on trial. The book Escaping Salem takes the reader through the Connecticut court room. Witchcraft in a court room is more dramatic than one would ever imagine. The town’s people are scared of the act and its practice in the township, and this is a view that the judges are quick to point out to. Witchcraft poses a great danger to the society. However, how would Branch prove that the women actually were behind her ailments? Her accusations come from the fact that some evil spirit informed her about it. How would she prove this and how would she prove that the spirit were indeed factual? Escaping Salem offers an insightful revelation of life style in the early seventeenth century America. In addition, it offers proof of the existence of the white magic, an issue that has strongly been argued upon. The only pitfall that Godbeer‘s work seems to pose is the use of some of the photos that are manipulated. The photos are helpful in offering illustration and adding to the maps; the selected bibliography seems to provide some proof too. However, the use of the photos is overrated. This is a historical book and the images ought not to appear to be fictitious. In retrospect, the book is a must read for any undergraduate student of American History or Political Science. The insights it offers are indeed factual and one would relate them to the life of that

Article I of the Constitution of America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Article I of the Constitution of America - Essay Example In this context, Article-I is the most significant of the provisions of the Constitution of the US that vests the powers on the â€Å"Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives† and specifies the â€Å"unique and limited powers of the Congress† (Ritchie 50). The legislative branch is the most important branch of the government and as such Article-I, which defines their powers, is a very significant part of the US constitution. Article-I is divided into 10 sections, each defining the constitution, powers and functions of the legislative body of the government. The first section stipulates the bicameral division of the Congress into two houses, such as the â€Å"Senate† and â€Å"House of Representatives† to ensure a â€Å"compromise between the power of the state and the power of the people† (50). Such a balancing of power, through the provision of Article-I ensures that power is not misused. Thus, it can be construed that Article-I of the Constitution facilitates a appropriate rights to the people so that any chances of misuse is obviated, which is important in a democratic set up. Section 2 of Article-I defines the term and qualification of the House of Representatives and thus plays a key role in determining that only suitable persons are selected for governance. On the other hand, Section 3 stipulates the terms, qualifications and functions of the members of the Senate. Both these sections of Article-I contain important provisions relating to the basic functions of the legislative branch, which is the most significant of the divisions of the American government. Thus, Article-I is very important. Section 4 of Article-I, prescribes the conditions and procedures of holding the elections Senators and Representatives, which, again, is a highly significant aspect of democratic set up. Section 6 describes the compensation of

The impact of globalisation on business Essay Example for Free

The impact of globalisation on business Essay 1. INTRODUCTION. Advancement in transportation and information technologies has opened up the world to lucrative business opportunities. Many companies no longer confine their business domestically but reach out globally in search of better profits. When a company conducts business across national boundaries, it is participating in international business. International business paves the way for globalisation. Ball et al. (2004) found that globalisation can be defined in many ways but broadly globalisation occurs when an entity (government, company, NGOs, etc.) carries out an activity (economic, political, technological, etc. ) in a host country. Globalisation has impacted the way many companies performed their business. New strategies are required to identify the opportunities presented by globalisation. Companies need to understand the forces that drive them towards globalisation. Most importantly, the companies must be prepared to meet the challenges of globalisation. This report presents globalisation in the context of a global strategy. It assesses the impact of the global strategy on the Texchem Group of Companies (Texchem), a company based in Penang. Texchem is founded in 1973 by its current Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Dato Seri Fumihiko Konishi. Today, Texchem is well diversified into the business of trading, manufacturing and services with divisions in the packaging, industrial, food, family care and venture industries ( 2003). Currently, Texchems globalisation efforts are concentrated around the Association of South East Asia Nations (ASEAN) countries and China (Chiew 2004). The organizational structure of Texchem is shown below. The groups investment holding company is Texchem Resources Berhad.  (source: Texchem Resources Bhd, www.trbgroup.com/business_act_corporate_structure.htm) FIGURE 1: Texchem organizational structure 2. FORCES DRIVING TEXCHEM TO GLOBALISE. Normally, a companys decision to globalise is influenced by a combination of several factors. These factors are the forces that drive a company to expand abroad. Each company has its own unique reasons to carry out oversea business activities since declining trade barrier and technological changes seem to underlie the trend towards greater globalisation (Hill 2003, p. 8) today. Texchem has mainly operated domestically apart from venturing into Singapore a year after its inception. It was not until 18 years later that Texchem started its globalisation exercise aggressively after building up its strength and reputation. Starting with Thailand in 1992, Texchem continued with Vietnam (1994), Myanmar (1997, Indonesia (2002) and China (2002). Now, Texchem is well represented in the ASEAN region (Texchem Annual Report 2002). Like any other companies, there were also unique forces that drove Texchem to globalise. Chief among them were: * Be a US$1 billion company. It cannot be denied that all companies are profit driven. After all the very existence of a company rest on the profits it makes. Texchem is no different in this aspect. However, Texchem is not only trying to make a profit but striving to be a US$1 billion company by 2010. This is Texchem Vision 2010 which is to be achieved with annual sales revenue of US$1 billion (Konishi 2002). Texchem 5 year performance chart below shows that there is still much to do and globalisation is the answer to bigger market opportunities. (source: Texchem Resources Bhd., www.texchemgroup.com) FIGURE 2: Texchem financial performance In order to realise this Vision 2010: Texchem has identified and capitalised on global market opportunities and allowed its growth to be determined by market trends and customers demands. Then it responded to such opportunities with top quality products and services that deliver real value www.texchemgroup.com/aboutus/history.html 2003, p. 1). Furthermore, Texchem has to survive through economic crisis in order to sustain a steady and resilient performance. One way is to prudently invest in growth industries with different market cycles like the food industry (  history.html 2003). * Loss Of Trade Preference. Konishi said Malaysia is treated by Europe under the general system of preferences which imposed an import duty of 14% on Malaysian products entering Europe. Texchem will not enjoy this status when import duty goes up to 20% in 2005 (Tan 2004). In 2003, Konishi said Texchem has estimated a US$25 million export market to Europe, Japan and Australia for its surimi and fishmeal products by 2006 (The Star 2003). The loss of this preference will affect Texchems profit. It may not be feasible to market seafood products in Europe due to price disadvantage. Therefore, to continue capturing the European market, Emmanuel (2004) wrote that Texchem is setting up a RM50 million seafood processing plant in Europe in 2005. Tan (2004) reported that Konishi said, Raw material will be imported from Myanmar as import duty on raw material going into Europe is only 3.5%. Production cost will then be lower giving Texchem the  competitive edge again. * Be close to clients / customers. Interdependency among companies is a norm. When a client is satisfied with the companys products and services, loyalty is attained. Therefore, when a client sets up shop overseas or penetrates a foreign market, it is not surprising that the company normally tags along. Many international companies wanting to market and distribute products in ASEAN have appointed Texchem for the task due to its reputation and international networking. Taking customer support a step further, Texchem even located its operation to be close to its local and multinational clients ( 2003 ; www.texchemgroup.com/stakeholders/customers.html 2004). For instance, Texchem-Pack (Thailand) was established to serve its major Texchem customers like Seagate, Mektec, IBM, etc. in Thailand (Konishi 2003). Its production facilities are located near customers operations to give immediate respond to their needs and to any changes in the local market. This also shorten delivery timings and to provide just-in-time delivery. Reduction in logistics and transportation charges is a cost savings to customers ( 2003). Another example is Texchem-Pack (Wuxi) which was established to serve the hard disc drive industry, the semiconductor industry, the electronics industry and the telecommunications industry in Jiangsu Province and Shanghai, China ( 2003). The establishment in China enables Texchem to be close to and provide more effective and efficient services to its customers in China. * Acquire Technology. Many companies brought along their technologies when setting up shop abroad. As the world become more and more accessible, it becomes possible to team up with these companies in the host country to acquire their technologies. Although Texchem has invested heavily in research and development and use leading edge, in-house facilities both for product enhancement and for new products (www.texchemgroup/business/packaging.html 2003, p. 1), it is continuously seeking out new technologies to gain competitive edge. As such Texchem joint ventures with international leader and creates new subsidiaries often through technology transfer arrangements that enable both parties to net a bigger catch ( www.texchemgroup.com/business/texchem-eng.html 2003a ;  group.com/stakeholders/associates.html 2003). To illustrate, Eye Graphic (Vietnam), a Texchem joint venture with Eye Corporate Planning Co Ltd of Japan, is equipped with advance digital propress system and flexo photopolymer printing plate making equipment ( * Demand. In any business activities, there must be demand. Without demand, a companys product will eventually be rendered obsolete. One of the reasons Texchem chose to expanded into ASEAN and China was because there was a huge demand for its products. And, Texchem is prepared to set up more manufacturing plants to meet the increasing demands of the ASEAN market ( 2003, p. 1). With greater demands from the Chinese market, Texchem now intends to expand its Wuxi plant into thermoforming for the high-tech industry and injection moulding for the computer and semi-conductor industry (Konishi 2003a, p. 2). Also, in line with increasing global demand for surimi, Texchem has set up a manufacturing plant in Myeik, Myanmar (Konishi 2003a, p. 3). Texchem expansion into Indonesia, with its largest manufacturing plant in Kerawang (near Jakarta), is to cater for the need of 206 million people. The  brand name of Fumakillas mosquito coil in Indonesia is distributed under the name Domestos Nomos, a successful household name ( 2003a). Yap (2003) reported Konishi as saying, so far, we have shipped over 400,000 cartons in the first 6 months of operation, equivalent to the total volume that Texchem sold in Malaysia, Thailand, Myanmar and the Philippines in the same period. A comparison of the population in ASEAN countries in presented below in order to appreciate the magnitude of the demands in ASEAN. FIGURE 3: ASEAN population breakdown. From the table it is understandable why Texchem has been aggressive in penetrating the ASEAN market to capture the demand. ASEAN has a combined population of 500 million. 3. GLOBALISATION EFFECTS ON TEXCHEM INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS STRATEGY. Before a company expands abroad, it must have a strategy. According to Ball et al. (2004) there are several strategies that could be adopted such as the global strategy, multidomestic strategy, transnational strategy and international strategy. Globalisation has an influence on which strategy to adopt. Careful assessment of the various internal and external business environments is a prerequisite before any decision can be made. In crossing national boundaries, globalisation affects Texchem international business strategies in terms of the following: * Standardisation. Texchem operations are standardised in all the host countries. All packaging plants provide: One stop total packaging solutions equip with state-of- the-art facilities. Furthermore, all Texchem plants support customers through excellent logistics, warehousing and inventory management. This is done via a nationwide network of branches and sales offices ( www.texchemgroup.com/business/texchem-pack.html 2003c, p. 2; www. texchemgroup.com/business/texchem-mat.html 2003a, p. 1; www.texchemgroup. com/business/familycare.html 2003, p. 3). With globalised operations, Texchem would be able to take advantage of business opportunities occurring anywhere in the world and would not be constrained to specific sectors (Khambata and Ajami 1992, p. 43). As product preference and requirements are becoming increasingly alike globally, product standardisation across all cultures would enable companies to manufacture and sell low-cost reliable products around the world without being adapted to individual country preferences (Khambata and Ajami 1992, p. 43). To capitalise on this, Texchem products are also standardised globally. It manufactures and distributes household insecticide such as the Fumakilla mosquito coils under different brand names in Indonesia (Domestos Nomos), Thailand (Chang) and Myanmar (Jumbo) ( 2003b). * Global Decision Making. With globalisation, Texchem decision making covers a wider scope now compared to when it did domestically. Texchem has centralised its decision making in its Penang corporate office. This is where Texchem makes decision on strategies issues such as policy, capital, technology and products. Decisions are global minded taking into consideration the local factors of the host countries. Texchem Design Centre is centralised to tailor-make packaging solutions in the fastest possible time for all its plants across ASEAN countries and China to meet customers demand around the world ( 2003). * Market scope. Globalisation opens up the world as a very big market. Domestic markets, however large, are limited in size and growth and are targeted by domestic competitors (Khambata and Ajami 1992). To continue growing, Texchem sees the world as one market to sell its products. Khambata and Ajami (1992, p. 283) said that: Apart from the fact that the existence of a new, larger customer base would help boost sales, overseas markets often confer additional advantages such as competition from overseas markets may not be strong. When the local market is large and the demand is consistent enough to justify investment in the plant and equipment needed to set up a manufacturing operation, production economies can occur (Khambata and Ajami 1992, p. 284). Also, Texchem can tap the Chinese market to derive economies of scale and scope (Konishi, Texchem annual report 2002). Operational economies of scale allow Texchem to keep prices competitive and deliver exceptional value ( 2003). * Develop skills. Part of the globalisation process concerns developing skills especially multicultural and bilingual ones. Texchem encourages such skills development to communicate and establish rapport with its global clients, staff and customers. Not surprising, Texhem only recruits staff of outstanding caliber and provides training for them ( 2003). In order to develop skills, Texchem formed strategic alliances with agents around ASEAN region with strong domestic knowledge in sales and distribution ( 2003b, p. 1). Texchem has approached globalisation with a global strategy because the above effects have the essence of a global strategy. Ball et al. (2004, p. 6) defined the global strategy as a strategy that attempts to standardise and integrate operations worldwide in all functional areas. Texchem has adopted precisely this strategy. 4. MAJOR OPPORTUNITIES CREATED FOR TEXCHEM. As the world shrinks into a global village because of accessibility, abundant opportunities are available to business organisations. Companies are quick to take advantage of these golden opportunities to further their interests. In other words, globalisation provided avenues for companies to spread their wings into foreign markets. Globalisation presented many major opportunities for Texchem too as it did for others. Texchem management was quick to see these opportunities and swiftly took advantage of them. The major opportunities created for Texchem were: * Tariff Reduction. Tariffs are taxes levied on foreign goods entering the country. Sometimes it can be levied on goods leaving the country as well. According to Hill (2003), tariffs protect domestic products against foreign ones. It is a form of government intervention to shield local companies from international  competitors who have superior technologies to make higher quality products at lower cost. By levying taxes on such goods, it brings up their prices to be on par with local goods. With the exception of Singapore, all ASEAN countries have imposed tariffs on imports. However, ASEAN initiated the ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) in 1992, detailing a regional progressive tariff reduction plan. To be implemented in stages, tariffs on goods with 40% ASEAN content shall be progressively reduced to between 0 5% by 2003. There were some exemptions to the implementation year for Vietnam (2006), Laos and Myanmar (2008) and Cambodia (2010) ( 2003). With the reduction in tariffs coupled with the huge population in ASEAN countries, the trading opportunities are very attractive. Texchem acknowledged this fact. It noted that with AFTA in place, the regional exchange in business is expected to further boost various industries ( 2003a, p. 1). Texchem has been anticipating AFTA since 1990s. Knowing the opportunities AFTA presented, it has ventured into ASEAN countries to position itself first while waiting in full anticipation for the implementation of AFTA. This strategy gave Texchem a head start to study the market opportunities of the host country better, build up its reputation, find solutions to lower production costs and sell competitively. This foresight has paid off handsomely as Texchem registered improved sales in all its division for the year 2003 (Konishi 2003b). As quoted in the Texchem investor newsletter (2003, p. 4), the increase in revenue for the Packaging Division was mainly contributed by the successful penetration into new market AFTA region, namely Thailand. This is because: Thailand experienced a substantial increase in revenue from the trade of plastic resins, a direct benefit of reduces impact duties effective Jan 2003, in line with the implementation of AFTA (Texchem investor newsletter 2003b, p. 2). As Konishi (2003b, p. 5) mentioned: Texchem Resources Bhd Group will continue to make the 100% AFTA proof objective its priority. Texchem is indeed in a position to take full  advantage of AFTA as it expands further into the global market. * Strategic Location. Geographical location is another opportunity that can be taken advantage of. According to Ball et al. (2004, p. 263), geographical proximity is often the major reason for trade between nations. Apart from close proximity, the location of a nation also offers other suitable operational advantages for foreign companies. For instance, if the country has sea frontage, companies can make use of ports in the country to export their products. This was what Texchem was looking for when it ventured into Myanmar. Texchem was searching for an advantage in Myanmars location and found it in a town called Myeik (please see map for location). (source: design printing services, www.dpsmap.com) FIGURE 4: Map of Myanmar. The Myeik Archipelago, which includes over 800 pleasant and enchanting islands, lies in the Andaman Sea along the south Tanintharyi coast. Myeik is the port city of this archipelago. It has the potential for industrialisation of marine base products because the Andaman Sea has abundant fish. Texchem joint ventured with Mascot Industries Co Ltd of Myanmar to set up ASK Andaman (Lee 2003). The strategic location of ASK Andaman at a fishing port complement the abundant fresh fish from the Andaman sea has set it as the most idealistic plant for surimi and fishmeal processing ( www.texchemgroup.com/  business/andaman.html 2003, p. 1). The fishing port facilitated the export of Texchems products from Myeik to Japan, Australia and Europe. It also provided an infrastructure for Texchem geographical reach so that it is the ideal partner for multinationals that have operations spread across the region ( 2003, p. 2). * Abundant Raw Materials. Sourcing for cheap raw materials is an important task in any operation. This is where competitive advantage can be sustained. Therefore, many foreign companies flock into ASEAN in search of raw material because they are in abundance. Konishi said Texchem globalisation into Myanmar enables it to tap the countrys natural resources and obtain a reliable supply of good quality and more cost effective raw material (The Star, 2003). ASK Andaman manufactures and market surimi and fishmeal products and provides Seapack Food with a reliable supply of reasonably priced, good quality surimi raw material ( 2003a, p. 1). It requires fresh fish to manufacture and process surimi and fishmeal products. The Andaman Sea has abundant supply of fresh fish to provide ASK Andaman. * Low Labour Cost. Labour cost in ASEAN countries is generally low with the exception of Singapore and Malaysia. Many foreign investors take this opportunity to relocate their operations here so that their production cost can be reduced. The table below provides a comparison of labour cost among ASEAN countries. Texchem has set up manufacturing plants in Thailand, Indonesia, Vietnam and Myanmar because the labour cost is lower than Malaysia. It practices stringent cost controls ( 2003, p. 2) and taking advantage of this opportunity is a prudent strategy. The setting up of manufacturing operations in competitive labour cost countries (Texchem investor newsletter 2003a, p. 2) provided Texchem with a competitive advantage over other domestic competitors. Konishi (2003b, p. 4) was please to note that: The year 2003 was spent building a solid base for Texchem operations in Myanmar and with its competitive labour and abundant natural resources, great returns beckons as Texchem begins exporting its marine products globally. Myanmar Sometimes a company is attracted by just one or two opportunities offered by the host country. However since Myanmar offers all the above opportunities for Texchem, it is only appropriate to provide an opinion of the country in this report. Myanmar has rich natural and human resources. The government is encouraging direct foreign investments to take advantage of these resources. With a market oriented economic system aimed to liberalise its economy, foreign investors would be given the right to enjoy appropriate economic benefits. They would also be safe guarded by the Government against nationalisation of their business. There are tremendous investment opportunities in natural resources such as teak forests, minerals and gems. Historical and cultural attractions offer vast potential for tourism. The labour force is highly literate and trainable. Myanmar has a long coastline rich in fish and other marine life. An estimated one million metric tons of sustainable fishery resources could be exploited annually. Investment opportunities in the fishery industry include setting up of cold storage facilities, fishmeal plants, canning plants and shrimp farms and / or hatcheries ( n.d.). 5. CHALLENGES FOR TEXCHEM AND MEETING THEM. Converting business opportunities into profits is usually never plain sailing. There are challenges to overcome first. These challenges come in many forms i.e. trade barriers, high taxes, corruption, unskilled workers, poor infrastructure etc. Although globalisation created many opportunities, Texchem must overcome the many challenges that came with these opportunities before reaping in the profits. Among the many challenges Texchem has or shall encounter in globalisation are: * Building Brand. Branding is a very important exercise for companies going global. Foreign markets must be made aware of the existence of their products. Irrespective of the large population, if the product is not known then there shall be no demand. When Texchem ventured into Indonesia to market its mosquito coils through Fumakilla, it realised the difficulty in building its mosquito coil brand. Fumakilla is relatively unknown to millions of Indonesian and without awareness the product will be just another product on the shelves. As a solution, Fumakilla has embarked on a RM12 million branding exercise to expose its mosquito coils to the Indonesian market under the brand name Domestos Nomos. Advertising and promotions activities were carried out via PT Technopia Lever (Texchem investor newsletter 2003b). Since the expansion of the Family Care business to Indonesia in September 2002, Domestos Nomos has: Achieved a market share of 6.5% as of Sept 2003. Sales in the 2nd half of 2003 improve due to seasonal trend of the household insecticides market in ASEAN. It has also become the top brand with an average market share of 40% in modern retail outlets located within Jakarta and Medan (Texchem investor newsletter 2003, p.4 2003a, p.3). With such a large market, Fumakillas top priority for 2003 was to build the Domestos Nomos brand so as to achieve further significant market penetration into Indonesia. With a population 206 million, industry  potential in massive (Tan, GH 2002, pp. 30-31). * Sustaining Market. Market penetration is just the first step to a successful globalisation. After penetrating a foreign market another challenge shall present itself. This challenge is sustaining the market. Sustaining a market is difficult because there is no such thing as a perpetual sustainable market. Products come and go frequently because of competition. Texchem success depends on: Keeping its fingers on the pulse of an ever-changing market and on its resourcefulness in responding to customer needs. By constantly updating knowledge of market trends and sharing knowledge with suppliers, Texchem is able to rapidly develop and introduce new products that exceed its customers expectations (  industrial.html 2003, p. 1). Texchem is focused on maintaining its market leadership and is confident of attracting potential partners for help because of more competitive products from China (Texchem investor newsletter 2003b, p. 2). Therefore, Texchem is very selective in its choice of partners, choosing only those whose needs can genuinely be met and who are committed to long term brand building ( 2003, p. 3). * Financial Limitation. Insufficient financial capability is a hindrance to globalisation. Funds are required to invest in foreign soil. Additional plants and equipment have to be procure and employees paid. Normally, capital expenditure can only be recouped after a few years of operation. Sourcing for funds to globalise is a major task for Texchem. One of the ways to overcome the shortage of funds is to list the company in Securities Exchanges. In September 2003, Texchem announced: The listing of its Packaging business on the Main Board of the Singapore Exchange Securities Trading Limited (SGX-ST). Texchem is currently awaiting approvals from SGX-ST and the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) to list Texpack Holdings on the SGX-ST (Texchem investor newsletter 2003b, p. 3). The access to funds shall pave the way for Texchem to take advantage of viable investment opportunities in the international capital market. It also broadens its fund raising capabilities to expand and grow its Packaging Division within the region and on the global arena (Texchem investor newsletter 2003a). * Risk. There are no risk free investments. The same goes for globalisation. In fact, risk assessment for globalisation is considered a delicate task. Unexpected global events such as epidemic, natural disaster and war are some of the risks that are difficult to account for. These unexpected events affect company performance. Texchem Food Division performance could have been better if not for the SARS epidemic and war in the Middle East (Nishida 2003, p. 28). To demonstrate the impact, Kim (2003, p. 18) said that Texchem-Pack (Wuxi) in China suffered losses due to the indirect effect of the SARS epidemic during the first half of 2003 because Texchem sales and marketing team was prevented from servicing the clients due to the outbreak. However, Texchem was able to overcome this challenge with the support from its clients, new business partners, the dedication of the team and the support form the Penang head office'(Kim 2003, p. 18). Apart from that, the risk of lack of basic infrastructure and communications  is another prevailing issue when entering third world countries. Texchem can attest to that because the initial stage of establishing in Myanmar was difficult because of the lack of infrastructure and communication problems (Nishida 2003, p. 28). Nevertheless, Texchem was able to grow and expand its operation in Myanmar due to strategic acquisitions, meticulous planning and the synergizing of all Texchem plants (Nishida 2003, p. 28). 6. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION. Globalisation has changed the way business is being conducted. From being a domestic company in the 1970s and 1980s, Texchem is now a successful global company. Ever since Texchem started globalising its performance has been growing steadily. Apart from a slight drop in revenue in 2001, Texchem has registered an increase in sales and operating profit for the past five years. (source: Texchem Resources Bhd, www.texchemgroup.com) FIGURE 5: Texchem financial performance For the year 2003, Texchems gross dividend payout was a remarkable 8%, much to the delight of its shareholders. Globalisation has also generated sufficient profit for Texchem to be transferred to the Main Board of the Bursa Malaysia (formerly known as the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange) in 2001 after being listed in the Second Board in 1993. This milestone signified the growth of Texchem into a major listed conglomerate in Malaysia. Texchem is now a household name in family care products and its packaging division is well represented in ASEAN. Its food division is also making inroads into Europe, starting with Italy. Overall, globalisation has indeed changed the corporate profile of Texchem. It has provided Texchem a vast market for its products and Texchem has seized the opportunities created well. With six more years to go, Vision 2010 may sound a little ambitious. It is not that Vision 2010 cannot be achieved but it should be scaled down to allow for any unforeseeable economic crisis such as workers strike, war, epidemic or even natural disaster. Also, Texchem should continue spreading its influence in the relatively untapped Chinese market. Aggressive branding exercise is required here to capture a lion share of its 1 billion market opportunity. With AFTA already in full implementation for certain ASEAN countries it may be prudent for Texchem to invest more in Research Development so that it can continuously reinvent itself to stay relevant. Competition is getting keener with more and more companies expanding in ASEAN to take advantage of AFTA. Finally, Texchem may consider a multidomestic strategy in the near future as it strengthens its foothold globally. This strategy is flexible and allows participation from the locals. Furthermore this strategy allows global companies to look beyond costs and product standardisation to think in new ways about world competition (Hamel and Prahalad 1985, p. 139). REFERENCES: 1. Associates 2003, viewed on 14 July 2004, holders/associates.html, p. 1. 2. Ball, DA, McCulloch, Jr, WH, Frants, PL, Geringer, JM Minor, MS 2004, International business: The challenge of global competition, 9th edn, McGraw Hill, USA, pp. 4-6, 263. 3. Chiew, CH 2004, A yen for Malaysia, Asia Inc., 1 May. 4. Customers 2003, viewed on 14 July 2004, holders/customers.html, p. 1. 5. Emmanuel, M 2004, Texchem eyes Europe as seafood processing plant site, The New Straits Times, 28 May. 6. Employment and labour-based technology (n.d.), viewed on 9 August 2004, . 7. Family care division 2003, viewed on 14 July 2004, business/familycare.html, pp. 1-3. 2003a, viewed on 14 July 2004, , p. 1. 8. Food division 2003, viewed on 14 July 2004, , p. 1. 2003a, viewed on 14 July 2004, html, p. 1. 9. Hamel, G Prahalad, CK 1985, Do you really have a global strategy?, Harvard Business Review, July August 1985, p. 139. 10. Hill, CW 2003, International business: Competing in the global marketplace, 4th edn, McGRaw Hill, USA, p. 8, 173. 11. History 2003, viewed on 14 July 2004, history.html, p. 1. 12. History and business 2003, viewed on 20 July 2004, care.com/, p. 1. 13. Industrial division 2003, viewed on 14 July 2004, business/industrial.html, pp. 1-2. 2003a, viewed on 14 July 2004, , p. 1. 2003b, viewed on 14 July 2004, , p. 1. 14. Khambata, D Ajami, R 1992, International business: Theory and practice, Macmillan, Singapore, pp. 43, 283-284. 15. Kim, LK 2003, Countering obstacleschallenging the competition, Texchem Annual Report 2003, p. 18. 16. Konishi, F 2002, Chairmans Statement, Texchem Annual Report 2002, p. 11 17. Konishi, F 2003, Presidents message towards globalisation, Texview, September, viewed 4 August 2004, detailpage.php?Id=147, p. 1. 2003a, Presidents message, Texchem investor newsletter, Inaugural issue 2003, pp. 2-3. 2003b, Chairmans Statement, Texchem Annual Report 200, pp. 2-5. 18. Lee, KF 2003, Texchem gets shareholders approval to buy Sushi Kin, The New Straits Times, 11 December. 19. Nishida, Y 2003, The journey of continued success, Texchem Annual Report 2003, p. 28. 20. Our ASEAN expansion 2003a, viewed on 23 July 2004, care.com/, p. 1. 21. Our ASEAN presence 2003b, viewed on 23 July 2004, care.com/, p. 1. 22. Our history 2003, viewed on 20 July 2004, history.html, p. 1. 23. Our strength 2003, viewed on 20 July 2004, strengths.html, p. 1. 24. Packaging division 2003, viewed on 14 July 2004, business/packaging.html, p. 1. 2003a, viewed on 14 July 2004, , p. 1. 2003b, viewed on 14 July 2004, , p. 1. 2003c, viewed on 14 July 2004, , p. 2. 25. Staff 2003, viewed on 14 July 2004, holders/staff.html, p. 1. 26. Tan, D 2004, Texchem plans Euro processing facility, The Star, 28 May. 27. Tan, GH 2002, Reaching home, Texchem Annual Report 2002, pp. 30-31. 28. The ASEAN free trade area and other areas of ASEAN economic coorperation 2003, viewed on 20 July 2004, , pp. 1-2. 29. The Star 2004, Texchem setting up aquaculture products plant in Myanmar, 21 March. 30. Texchem Annual Report 2002 2002, Corporate History, p. 2. 31. Texchem Investor Newsletter 2003, Higher contribution from packaging, consumer and industrial divisions in first half, inaugural issue, pp. 2-5. 2003a, Q3: Focus on streamlining operations to further improve profitability, 3rd quarter, pp. 2-5. 2003b, Q4: Food division set to spearhead growth for Texchem, 4th quarter, pp. 2-3. 32. To set up business in Myanmar (n.d.), viewed on 6 August 2004, myanmar.com/gov/trade/setup.htm, pp. 1-2. 33. Wages and productivity (n.d.), viewed on 6 August 2004, wdi2000/tab2_6.pdf. 34. Welcome 2003, viewed on 14 July 2004, html, p. 1. 35. Yap, D 2003, Texchem on expansion path, The Star, 7 June.

Fear of Failure in The Catcher In The Rye Essay -- Catcher Rye Essays

Fear of Failure in The Catcher In The Rye      Ã‚  Ã‚   Holden Caulfield, the main character in J.D. Salinger's novel, The Catcher In The Rye, feels that he needs to protect people around him, because he failed to protect his brother Allie from death. Holden feels that he has to care for those close to him. He watches over Jane, Phoebe, and even Mrs. Murrow when he meets her on the train. Holden tries to shield these people from distress. He does not want to fail anyone else.    Returning back home from getting kicked out of Pencey, Holden meets the mother of Ernest Murrow, a classmate of his, on the train. They introduce themselves and start talking about Ernest and how he is like in school. Holden did not tell Mrs. Murrow about Ernest's misbehavior at school because he did not want her to think negatively of her son. Holden feels that he is a failure and that his own parents are ashamed of him. He does not want Mrs.Murrow to feel ashamed of her own son and so he lies to her. He wanted to protect her from the truth about her son: "Her son was doubtless the bigges...

Case study digital storytelling

During my 2nd arrangement, kids from twelvemonth 1/Reception category were analyzing traditional narratives as portion of their literacy course of study and had been reading a narrative together every twenty-four hours, so utilizing the texts they read as theoretical accounts for composing their ain narratives. The focal point for the hebdomad ‘s literacy lesson was the life of a fairy tale for their new subject work ‘at the films ‘ OBJ utilizing ICT to show their completed work efficaciously to the whole school during their ‘Oscars ‘ ceremonial. Constructing up to the life lesson kids had worked in groups utilizing a narrative stick to compose, assemble and sequence events of their fairytale OBJ on paper with TA support as a Scribe. The narrative created so was transferred to a movie storyboard OBJ telling events in appropriate item within eight scenes. Working in groups the focal point of the larning aims switched to talking and listening, to take bend s in speech production, relate their parts to what has gone on before, take different positions into history by proposing betterments and giving grounds for sentiments and actions suggested to add address to the narrative board, including appropriate modulation, choose words with preciseness, organise what they say whilst focal point on the chief point ( s ) and relevant item to take into history the demands of their hearers. In readying for the life actiivty, kids were encouraged to visualize the terminal merchandise of a movie and kids were encouraged to play with the digi blue cameras without support, in a elusive scene during taking clip, and they used Steve Bowkett grids to compose narratives whilst half the were being supported in compilation and doing characters and props they needed for their scene. Earlier that forenoon I had set up three tabular arraies against the wall so the kids could trap up their background, use the tabular arraies and bluish tack for positioning their characters, and the camera blue tacked down so that the kids could non accidently strike hard the camera and do it to misalign. The digi blue camera so had the laptop connected to them and turned/logged on. Then in the focal point lesson, the lesson aim was introduced to the kids whilst on the rug, and I began by patterning the life procedure. Here I could see the kids were engaged by utilizing the IWB, which was non frequently used, they all turned to confront the board. I demonstrated how you take 30 frames to get down and stressed the vocabulary of frames and takes within the film procedure. Children responded and used I could see were seeking out the words. Here they helped me to number to 30 ( most were able to follow the form ) . Then I modeled how you move the character within the scene, taking 4 fra mes each clip, scribing on the whiteboard adjacent to the IWB the get downing 30 frames, takes 4 frames etc. for them to mention to when utilizing the computing machines. Here the kids were impatient, showing a deficiency of understanding that the procedure was slow, and I could see that they were still visualising it being kindred to a picture camera. Therefore, I continued to travel the character easy, ask foring the kids to come up and take bends to travel the character in between ‘takes ‘ . Here I saw some of the kids rapidly cottoned on to the procedure and could efficaciously mime what I had modeled. During this, I chose the autistic kid, to guarantee that he stayed engaged, as he does non normally sit for long periods on the rug. He competently participated and so remained focused for the remainder of the debut. To complete the starting motor, I so asked the kids what they think we would make next, here kids guessed that it would leap about, and the category discu ssed what life would look like. Children ‘s replies were constructive that it would be like a sketch. Once I had shown the category what the finished merchandise looked like I asked the kids to notice on what they had seen. One kid said it was jerked meat One kid said the character jumped One kid said the movie was excessively short One kid commented that you could see shadows and light altering. From this, I scribed on the IWB a list of things they had evaluated, and highlighted to the kids of those things to bear in head whilst they were finishing their undertaking. The category was so divided into their groups that had been composing the narrative, here utilizing a TA for each of two groups, and myself for one group. Facilitating the kids with the handling of the computing machine and to mentioning to their storyboard the kids used the storyboard to make the scenes they had sequenced and added action to the characters, inspiring them to their demands. Whilst working with the group, they took bends to run the laptop and travel the characters, during which was assessed by the grownup in their apprehension of the life procedure. I asked the kids, to propose betterments, and used inquiring of what happens following to ease their acquisition. During the lesson, the group started by demoing small understanding and motive, there was non adequate action to maintain concentration, and were fighting with the construct, traveling the characters without thought, and there were many custodies within shootings as they did n't tie in the ‘snapshot ‘ would capture whatever was shown on the screen. However as they started to see the procedure and had seen their movie start to take form ( a reappraisal characteristic in the package I used to demo them their work so far ) . Then one response kid, fascinated by computing machines moved a character really specifically so I knew that he understood the procedure. The twelvemonth one kid nevertheless was distracted, concentrating in and out when there were undertakings to make. Upon finishing the life, I introduced the group separately to the voice narrative characteristic and here the kids held complete attending, discoursing whether to shout the lines they had prepared and how to state them. For the kid in my group with SALT intercession for speech hindrance, this allowed him to talk confidently as non in a group state of affairs and he responded good. Here the group showed consideration for timing, discoursing when the character should ‘kick ‘ ruddy equitation goon into the fire. Theoretical Ideas and Assumptions Underliing This Situation. In this lesson I attempted to take the kids ‘s larning off from a traditional literacy undertaking, and supply the kids with a new originative mercantile establishment, particularly for kids with weak authorship or originative accomplishments. The theories underlying this activity I have generalised as those associating to: staging, societal cognitive interaction and actuating scholars – through ICT and centripetal existent life experience. How the Theory of Scaffolding was Used in Planing Instructional staging is used in instruction to supply sufficient support to advance larning when a construct or accomplishment is foremost introduced, which, for immature kids, is a day-to-day demand as they learn many new constructs. In this undertaking two different types of Scaffolding Theory ( Bruner ) were used, difficult and soft. Soft staging was used through natural constructions that supported linguistic communication acquisition – narrative clip and independent reading of the faery narratives, supplying entree to literacy tools of traditional narrative construction, cardinal phrases, and vocabulary ( Daniels, 1994 ) . Beyond the initial linguistic communication acquisition difficult scaffold tools were planned for the kids to utilize to back up the kids through the undertakings whilst larning new constructs, but designed to be impermanent, removed by the kid when they were able to finish the undertaking themselves, distinguishing by result. When composing their narr ative utilizing the narrative sticks kids were so able to be originative and inventive with their narrative, altering the sequence/development of the narrative if required. They were encouraged to compose their ain sentences, but besides provided them with pre-printed traditional narrative linguistic communication they could utilize if fighting. Observations by the TAs showed that one kid, underconfident in literacy asked to compose a sentence composed within the group and grownups provided support required for the response kids, largely scribing with the exclusion of one kid who truly wanted to compose. This showed a big motivational difference in certain kids, and an enthusiasm stemming for the quality of the narrative developed with the scaffold support. When the kids were larning the new construct of life, the resources, the motivational undertaking and grownup aid were planned in progress to back up the kids in sing construct of life whilst still concentrating on the speech production and hearing, composing and ICT being assessed. Using life with 5 twelvemonth old kids epitomised the theory of scaffold, the planned support could ease a possible result superior to the work their independent attempts could accomplish. By really definition scaffold is to help building, which the undertaking provided. The films or narratives could hold been every bit completed through moving or marionettes, but the usage of ICT and characteristics such as narrative and particular effects supported kids e.g. less confident and a male child with speech troubles. Using the ICT put into topographic point a impermanent difficult scaffold model, non for the acquisition nonsubjective, but to help pupils with a hard undertaking ( Saye and Brush, 2002 ) and ent ree the undertaking in a novel and actuating manner. This ‘Technical staging ‘ is a newer attack in which computing machines replace the instructors as the experts or ushers, and kids can be guided ( Yelland and Masters, 2007 ) . The activity was designed so that grownup support could be removed if a kid secured an apprehension or could run on their ain ( depending on ability ) . Year one kids and one response kid showed that they were able to utilize the staging of ICT without any demand for grownup intercession, which so defined a degree of understanding and larning within the environment created that exceeded outlooks for kids so immature. This demonstrated success of utilizing scaffold theory, as it was designed to back up any kid of any age/maturity may non be able to joint or research larning independently, perfect for a disconnected twelvemonth group category. The ICT and grownup interaction in no manner changed the nature or trouble degree of the undertaking ; al ternatively, the scaffolds provided allow the pupil to successfully finish the undertaking, distinguishing by result. With increasing understanding and control, the kids the instructor ‘s degree and type of support changed over clip from directing, to suggestion, to encouragement, to observation, the grownup lending merely to prolong the undertaking ( Teale & A ; Sulzby, 1986 ) . Within these scaffolding events, learning and acquisition, inseparable constituents, stress both the kid ‘s personal building of literacy and the grownup ‘s parts to the kid ‘s underdeveloped apprehensions of print. These supports are bit by bit removed as pupils develop independent acquisition schemes, therefore advancing their ain cognitive, affectional and psychomotor acquisition accomplishments and cognition. Blooms taxonomy Although ICT provided support scaffold, every bit as is its nature, ICT can hold confining effects, kids so immature needed aid in runing the equipment to get down, rapidly picking it up, but ICT adds an component of defeat and the custodies in the images, combined with kids picking up the construct of little motions slowed the effectivity of the scaffold, diffused by the grownup support.In Vygotsky ‘s words, â€Å" what the kid is able to make in coaction today he will be able to make independently tomorrow † ( Vygotsky, 1987, p.A 211 ) .Social and Cognitive Interaction. In add-on, Piaget, Dewey, societal interaction and equal theoretical accounts. The undertaking could non hold been scaffolded wholly nevertheless, as kids had to portion the scaffold in a group scenario, disputing speech production and listening accomplishments, chiefly due to resource and clip restraints. Although group work does, in consequence, supply mutual staging ( Holton and Thomas ) , for kids at the age of 5, I observed that the accomplishments required to work in the environment designed by the undertaking required important acquisition from the kids to collaboratively work together. In this state of affairs, the group can larn from each other ‘s experiences and cognition sharing the staging between each member, altering invariably as the group worked on the undertaking ( Holton and Clarke, 2006 ) . By utilizing the group dynamic and ensuing address, a critical tool to scaffold thought and responding, played a important function in the development of higher psychological procedures ( Luria, 1979 ) the kids had to flexible in sharing their though ts and decisicons had to be comprismised, and they had to show independent believing to convey thoughts to the groups work ( Bodrova & A ; Leong, 1996 ) . Using a Vygotsky position, the talk and ensuing action of the group sociocultural cloth of the composing event was able to assist determine the kids ‘s building of consciousness of negociating and compromising towards the concluding merchandise and successful result ( Dorn, 1996 ) . The kids ‘s treatments ranged from whose bend or suggestions to utilizing accounts linked to their cognition of characteristics of traditional narratives. The adults function in the activity was to determine the kid ‘s acquisition by utilizing and accommodating linguistic communication and set vocabulary to conform to the groups understanding Clay ( 2005 ) Whilst measuring insouciant colloquial exchanges for cognitive development, linguistic communication acquisition, narrative composing for authorship, and reading comprehension. As t he kids are non at a secure composing ability, conversations within the societal interaction of the group finishing the undertaking was important in easing productive, constructive, experimental, and development of new thoughts ( Smagorinsky, 2007 ) . Linked to this, Bandura ‘s Social Learning Theory that people learn from one another, via observation, imitation, and patterning. By blending the ages of the groups between twelvemonth 1 ad response kids, they jointly observed each other ‘s behavior, attitudes, and results in footings of uninterrupted mutual interaction between cognitive, behavioral, and environmental influences. The positive acquisition environment, prosecuting activity and attractive result meant that the twelvemonth one modelled focal point and enagement with the undertaking, and their thoughts were all valued, with response kids responding to the same behavior and assurance edifice within the undertaking, theory related to Vygotsky ‘s Social Development Theory and Lave ‘s Situated Learning, which besides emphasize the importance of societal acquisition. Equally the undertaking was deisgned so that an grownup could utilize Vygotsky, pupils develop higher-level thought accomplishments when s caffolding occurs with an grownup expert or with a equal of higher capablenesss ( Stone, 1998 ) . Conversely, Piaget believes that pupils discard their thoughts when paired with an grownup or pupil of more expertness ( Piaget, 1928 ) . Alternatively, pupils should be paired with others who have different positions. Conflicts would so take topographic point between pupils leting them to believe constructively at a higher degree. By directing the undertaking focal point on the kids, the traditionally held a transmissionist or instructionist theoretical account in which a instructor or lector ‘transmits ‘ information to pupils, the activity used Vygotsky ‘s theory to promotes larning contexts in which pupils play an active function in larning. Functions of the instructor and pupil are hence shifted, as a instructor should join forces with his or her pupils in order to assist ease intending building in pupils. Traveling from the instructor offers degrees of verbal and non-verbal presentations and waies as the kid observes, mimics, or portions the composing undertaking. Learning hence becomes a mutual experience for the pupils and instructor. Once the kids were content to research their work themselves, the functions for the instructor meant that I stepped back from supplying a equal theoretical account, a function for kids to look to for congratulations or pursuit for the right reply, alternat ively, the undertaking became steeping for the group, with kids supplying their ain support construction and motive. The More Knowing Other ( MKO ) . The MKO refers to anyone who has a better apprehension or a higher ability degree than the scholar, with regard to a peculiar undertaking, procedure, or construct. The MKO is usually thought of as being a instructor, manager, or older grownup, but the MKO could besides be equals, a younger individual, or even computing machines. The Zone of Proximal Development ( ZPD ) . The ZPD is the distance between a pupil ‘s ability to execute a undertaking under grownup counsel and/or with peer coaction and the pupil ‘s ability work outing the job independently. Harmonizing to Vygotsky, larning occurred in this zone. Whilst come oning their acquisition hold oning the construct and utilizing the ICT, the kids so operated within societal interaction and knowledge. Through joint activities, the instructor scaffolds conversation to maximise the development of a kid ‘s intrapsychological operation. In this procedure, the grownup controls the elements of the undertaking that are beyond the kid ‘s ability all the piece increasing the outlooks of what the kid is able to make. Dewey non merely re-imagined the manner that the acquisition procedure should take topographic point, but besides the function that the instructor should play within that procedure. Harmonizing to Dewey, the instructor should non b e one to stand at the forepart of the room doling out spots of information to be absorbed by inactive pupils. Alternatively, the instructor ‘s function should be that of facilitator and usher. As Dewey ( 1897 ) explains it: The instructor is non in the school to enforce certain thoughts or to organize certain wonts in the kid, but is at that place as a member of the community to choose the influences which shall impact the kid and to help him in decently reacting to these influences ( p. 9 ) . Therefore the instructor becomes a spouse in the acquisition procedure, steering pupils to independently discover intending within the capable country. This doctrine has become an progressively popular thought within contemporary instructor preparatory plans. Necessary conditions for effectual modeling: Attention – assorted factors increase or decrease the sum of attending paid. Includes peculiarity, affectional valency, prevalence, complexness, functional value. One ‘s features ( e.g. centripetal capacities, arousal degree, and perceptual set, past support ) affect attending. Retention – retrieving what you paid attending to. Includes symbolic cryptography, mental images, cognitive organisation, symbolic dry run, motor dry run Reproduction – reproducing the image. Including physical capablenesss, and self-observation of reproduction.Motivation – holding a good ground to copy. Includes motivations such as past ( i.e. traditional behaviorism ) , promised ( imagined inducements ) and vicarious ( seeing and remembering the strengthened theoretical account )Motivation Theory, Having a Good Reason to Imitate, Socially Interact and Use Scaffolding to Make a Successful End Merchandise Ofsted ( 2002 ) besides found that utilizing ICT enhances a lessons intent, a statement evident in other studies ( Becta, 2010, EPI, 2004, Futurelab, 2010 ) . I observed that ICT offered students means to imagine success and possible end-points for their work. ( Q28 ) For students, ICT reinforced their apprehension of the intent of their authorship and that the terminal consequence is a show. Becta ( 2007 ) found positive facets such as the possible to make reliable texts for ‘real life ‘ intents and audiences provided a motivational and originative ‘hook ‘ for the students ( Becta, 2007 ) . ( Q25 ‘s ) Abstract constructs such as ocular literacy are exciting for the kids to research, and as ( Bamford, 2003 ) noted ocular images are prevailing signifier of communicating in the current digital society which kids can associate to. ( Q25b ) Modeling – First of wholly, â€Å" be what you want them to make! † This acitivty besides applied many theoreticians combined that believe existent life application and motive must be child centred. For illustration, How Children Learn by pedagogue John Holt, focuses on Holt ‘s interactions with immature kids, and his observations of kids larning that kids learn most efficaciously by their ain motive and on their ain footings. More intircatly the planning did non take to entirely actuate the kids, life is shown to be a important tool for kids as it features and uses many theories to derive the kids ‘s involvement and initiate attending. John Kellers ARCS Model of Motivational Design proposed that attending can be gained in two ways: stimulates wonder by presenting disputing inquiries or jobs to be solved.or to utilize surprise or unsteadily to derive involvement through novel, surprising, incongruous, and unsure events. Animation is a proved method for catching the scholars ‘ attending as it includes two really cardinal thoughts lar ning through experience, i.e. active engagement, hands-on methods, to acquire scholars involved with the topic and variableness resources that account for single differences in larning manners and let a assortment of methods in showing stuff. Again within Kellers ARCS theoretical account utilizing life stimulates relevancy for the activity, ensured as the kids knew they were traveling to watch the picture on the large hall screen, to increase a scholar ‘s motive. Using schemes to foreground the successful result, induced motive to finish a good terminal undertaking, one kid inquiring if twelvemonth 6 were traveling to see it. They could see the nexus between composing their ain narratives and doing their tale reliable. Visually life was easy for younger kids to conceive of the terminal consequence and how they were larning something utile, without them being cognizant of the true larning aim of vaocabulary and narrative construction. To a grade the life undertaking and the ind efinable power of ICT to redact for kids meatn they became cognizant of the kineticss of accomplishment, hazard pickings, power, and association. This powerful scheme of Choice, utilizing the scaffolding kids were assured the ability to utilize different methods to prosecute their work or leting pick in how they organize it. The ARCS theoretical account so moves onto assurance, and understanding their likeliness for success, by utilizing scaffolding success was inevitable, all kids knew they could accomplish the result, increasing their assurance and even those necessitating more support were discreetly directed utilizing scaffolding to go an expert. As I had specifically introduced a significance for the work the and the usage of ICT scaffolding provided kids the most hard motivational tool – Satisfaction. Learning must be honoring or fulfilling in some manner, whether it is from a sense of accomplishment, congratulations from a superior, or mere amusement. Make the scholar feel as though the accomplishment is utile or good by supplying chances to utilize freshly acquired cognition in a existent scene. Evaluation OF LESSON Many research workers even recognition him with the influence of Project Based Learning ( PBL ) which places pupils in the active function of research workers. DISCUSS, CHILDREN MOTIVATION SCAFFOLD POISTIVE MORE Evaluation Children learn best when they are non pressured to larn in a manner that is of no involvement to them. For illustration, the first thing all pedagogues should make is measure which type of multiple intelligence pupils ‘ possess and Teach and measure them separately on the footing of this. Provide aims and prerequisites – Aid pupils estimate the chance of success by showing public presentation demands and rating standards. Guarantee the scholars are cognizant of public presentation demands and appraising standards. Allow for success that is meaningful. Turn the Learners – Allow for little stairss of growing during the learning procedure. Feedback – Provide feedback and support internal ascriptions for success. Learner Control – Learners should experience some grade of control over their acquisition and appraisal. They should believe that their success is a direct consequence of the sum of attempt they have put Forth. Provide feedback and support. When scholars appreciate the consequences, they will be motivated to larn. Satisfaction is based upon motive, which can be intrinsic or extrinsic. Do non sponsor the scholar by over-rewarding easy undertakings.

The Creation of Heavy Metal and Its Effect on Society

â€Å"Heavy Metal music's influence on society is really profound. Most people don't realize this, but Heavy Metal has spawned an entire subculture, with millions worldwide who can call themselves Heavy Metal fans. It is more than just aggressive music; it is an obsession and a way of life for a staggering amount of people† (Dunn 2008). Anthropologist, Sam Dunn documented how Heavy Metal has changed lives and societies across the globe. Heavy Metal music is a way of art, and how humans show what they see in society and translate it through a very artistic and creative way, which is the music itself†(Dunn 2008). â€Å"Human nature would argue for this scenario. Humans are influenced by conditions in their environment and react, whether physically, emotionally, or in this case, creatively† says sociologist of DePaul University (Deena Weinstein). This does not rule out the fact that artistic output created by humans can go back and in turn be an influence on society. By looking at some examples both historic and current, you can observe this process and how it has affected our world. (Weinstein 2005) Metal Music affects the world and Teen society in many diverse ways, whether it be by fashion, politics, religion, lyrical aspirations, and simply bringing people together. John Lennon was one of those people to bring peace by music, he went on a hunger strike for a week to promote piece all around the world with music, and he was not just recognized for doing this but many other inspirational acts with music. Through music, artists, bands and so on, speak of things going on in the society around you. Origin of Heavy Metal In the gritty streets of Birmingham, UK 1970, where Black Sabbath, took music too a more darker and sinister place, there was a man named Tony Iommi, who together with the well known Ozzy Ozbourne, formed a band and started the era of Heavy Metal. The first album they produced was self titled – Black Sabbath. Research shows that the Tri-Tone (Blue scale) is the devils note, which was used in the also self titled track â€Å"Black Sabbath†, claimed by Cannibal Corpse guitarist Alex Webster in â€Å"Metal, A Headbangers Journey (2008) â€Å"This note, in the Middle Ages, was forbidden because if its thought up relationship with the devil, towns folk believed that this â€Å"Tri-Tone† summoned the devil, thus explaining why it was forbidden†(Ezrin 2008). In the middle Ages, sorcerers used this Tri-Tone to summon the beast and cause havoc amongst the villagers who were ignorant and scared of heavy sounds. As Black Sabbath’s music spread through out the U. K, people from all over the world started to react to this new heavier style of music and became influenced, such as Led Zepplin, Deep Purple, Rainbow, and many more bands all over the world became interested and incorporated Heavy Metal to their personas and musical ways. Anthropologist Sam Dunn: Metal, A Headbangers Journey (2008) and also past Heavy Metal band member says that â€Å"There’s an on going battle in heavy metal to be more heavier and evil than the band that came before you, this has kept me into metal all these years† Competition plays a great part in Heavy Metal, which is also a great factor that spread Heavy Metal world wide and turned it into many now known Heavy Metal sub genres per say. As Heavy Metal started to grow in the 70’s, band after band tried to sound heavier than the last band which is how these â€Å"sub genres† of metal, like I stated earlier, came to be. The teens in that era, noticed this, â€Å"competition† and many teens started and incorporated, Heavy Metal to their own bands and were so influenced by this music, that it made teens in this society more hardworking and also up for a challenge. Musical Roots The classical roots of heavy metal were fairly obvious (Ezrin 2008), most of the really good practitioners were fans of dark powerful music, and for example Beethoven was one of them. Beethoven had created great classical music that incorporated heavy bass music and powerful orchestral sound waves, which are great assets to Heavy Metal that traced Classical music to Heavy Metal roots. Heavy Metal has another musical ancestor which is The Blues. (Morton, Blythe, from Lamb of God 2001), stated that the guitar is an African instrument, and the Guitar was used in slave music, and influenced the Blues and Heavy Metal now in today’s music. In the movie: Metal, A Headbangers Journey, The director and producer/ anthropologist Sam Dunn, interviews many Heavy Metal Pioneers such as Toni Iommi, Ozzy Ozborne, Ronnie James Dio, Rob Zombie, and they all claim to say that The Blues and Jazz classical type music were influential in their music. Environment and the Effect Towards Teen Society â€Å"It comes down to growing up in a rundown place, full of poverty, hopelessness, scumbags and assholes, that make your life hell and get you bottled up inside, then that’s when the music comes in and sets you free. † states (Taylor, of Slipknot2005). Music takes a maximum effect in everyone’s lives, Heavy Metal for many, claims that this musical genre sets them free and sets them in a straight forward positive mind set due to the message that some Heavy Metal artists send. James â€Å"Munky† Shaffer bassist for the band â€Å"Korn† says in an interview, that as a teenager, the environment he grew up in was based on drug abuse, violence, problems at home and death. â€Å"I found salvation through Heavy Metal, it influenced me to stay positive, grab an instrument and just jam out and let all the negativity out and let the positive and creative stuff flow in you know? Ha-ha, look at me now, I am in my mid 20’s and part of a great well known band selling out everywhere and loving it, all thanks to Metal! †(Shaffer2008). Rob Zombie, (White Zombie, Movie Director), – Revolver magazine, June 2009 said that â€Å"Metal is a life style, it’s your life style, people listen to what they listen too but in the end, what you listen too defines who you are. † Heavy Metal is like mine and any other metal heads own world. The music tells you to stick to your guns and stay strong and positive, (Dickinson 2008). Bruce Dickinson of Iron Maiden was one of the worlds most influential Heavy Metal band of the late 70’s- 80’s that helped pioneer this musical genre. Heavy Metal Archive (2001-20011) stated that â€Å"It gives them an alternate universe, it gives them a life of imagination through which they can view music and be influenced by many things the world and their society has to offer them. † Metal does impact children nowadays in this young society, and makes them aware of what’s going on in the world such as, wars, politics, corruption and genocide and inequality. The Message through Different Methods & Styles Politically Impacting the Media/Society Dee Snider of the Heavy Metal band Twisted Sister- was attacked by many parental groups and the (P. M. R. C) also known as the Parents Music Resource Center (1984) about censorship in Heavy Metal bands (Music in general). Sam Dunn, stated in his Documentary; Metal: A Headbangers Journey, that in 1984, Heavy Metal met its first organized attack and many bands were put in â€Å"The Filthy Fifteen†. Twisted Sister were not the only band censored and put on â€Å"The Filthy Fifteen† but Many Heavy Metal bands such as W. A. S. P, Judas Preist, Motley Crue, Def Leppard, AC/DC, Venom, and Heavy Metal Pioneers Black Sabbath were amongst those â€Å"Filthy Fifteen† These bands were put in â€Å"The Filthy Fifteen† by the â€Å"Parents Music Resource Center (1984)† because their music was deemed offensive and violent. The P. M. R. C rated songs according to the following: 1. X= Profane or sexually explicit, 2. O= Occult, 3. D/A= Drugs or Alcohol, 4. V= Violence and 5. Sac= Sacrilegious. Although the lyrics in Twisted Sister’s song â€Å"Were Not Gonna Take It† talked about standing up for your rights and never giving up, the video was censored as violent which led them into â€Å"The Filthy Fifteen† by the P. M. R. C. It must have been upsetting to the band members that their music is being prohibited to teens that in society look for he lp and sanctuary in music. Music that is inspirational should not be banned to teens because it can affect their social mental lives. Due to the fact that the P. M. R. C censored Twisted Sister’s enthusiastic, stand up for your self, keep going on music, children were unable to buy their music and listen to what they wanted to hear. Music is a way of life, as I always say and everyone needs it in their daily personal lives to get by, whether they are down, lonely, happy, and or just out of mind and ready to loose it. You can not help to imagine how many youths rebelled against parents because of this cause and made them unable to listen to music that appealed their ears, and helped them get by in life’s daily struggles and challenges. Religion and Satanism Many Metal artists used religious symbolism in their music. For example when up and rising band Venom (1983) came out on stage with satanic pentagrams, gory live performances, and brutal satanic lyrics, many people were scared. In that era, Satanism was well known but only in secluded parts of Norway. As venom and many other bands such as Slayer(1983-present) went on stage and vulgarly scared the non-metal community, people and many other religious groups as well, started to ban there shows, and music all over the world. The media started to engage in a non stop attack of releasing ideas that these bands were satanic, insane, and inappropriate content for teens, and that they should be socially declined to the public. (Dunn2008) This however did not stop the bands from releasing their music, being less graphic, and selling out shows. Nor did it stop teens from tuning in to their music and impacting their religious views and life’s. Slayer, created masterpiece after masterpiece of brutal Satanic, Anti-Christian, war related, lyrics and album covers that there were literally protests at their shows by religious groups because teens were so xcited and appealed at this new style of musical art, and parents thought their children were being manipulated and brainwashed to do bad and in the end hurt and destroy their life’s and their social backgrounds. They also manifested an idea that Slayer (1983) were Satanists, when in fact they were just trying to shock the audience and gain more fans. H aving the mindset of Slayer being Satanists, they also thought up the idea that Metal Music was the doing of the devil. And that those teens were heading towards a path of destruction and anti- religious acts in their society, like burning churches down. Slayer, to defend themselves stated, â€Å"We consider what we do art, and art can be a reflection of society, and we are simply just picking up the dark reflections, and manifesting them to the world† (Araya2008) Norwegian Black Metal bands certainly do live up to Satanism, (Dunn2008). Norway is an isolated country in northern Europe in which 87% of Norway’s population belongs to The Lutheran State Church, and yet strangely their most cultural export is Satanic Black Metal (Rasmussen 2008). Because many Satanists in Norway have a grudge against the Christian religion, due to conflicts and clashes between Vikings thousands of years ago (Rasmussen2008), there was a series of arsons. A man by the name of Varg Vekernes, and along side of him to help was a man named Jorn Tunsberg, set out a quite discrete plan to burn down some of the oldest churches in Oslo, Norway. They were convicted of arson on multiple counts and both were sentenced to prison. Because of these satanic acts in Norway due to Black Metal and what it symbolized for these men, people of all over the world started to react in an eruptive way towards the Metal community. The parents now have reason to believe that children’s musical interests could indeed affect the society in which their kids lived in and cause harmful behavior for generations to come. Death and Violence Death has played a major role in Metal Music. Since Metal Music spawned from dark imagery and horrific violence and brutal lyrics, a sub genre emerged known as Death Metal. Death Metal was built up on Thrash Metal and Black Metal, which consisted of machine gun guitars and fast passed drumming, with guttural vocals, also with a little twist of bloody gore and violence, Death Metal was created. Cannibal Corpse, along with Death, were the first bands among many Death Metal bands to use gory imagery. Cannibal Corpse was known for producing horrific album art. Cannibal corpse(1985) 3 first albums are banned in Germany, New Zealand, and Korea due to very gory and graphic album art also horrific lyrics related to murder. (Slagel2008). Rose Dyson(2008) states that there is evidence to state that the average person these days sees more violence through popular culture that would occur in real life, and this also has been marketed in many essences, particularly in teenage society and disrupts the teenage mind into murder, suicide, corruption and drug abuse as a conflict resolution. Manny bands have been set for trial over the past 20 years, such as Judas Preist, Slayer, Slipknot, Cannibal Corpse and Marilyn Manson, due to suicides and murders all because Metal Music has been stereotyped as devil music and everything else you have read thus far in this research paper. A main reason, as to why Metal Music and these bands have been blamed as the cause to many teen deaths, is because of their lyrics. Most Metal bands have an image they portray whether it is evil, Blasphemy related, or just simply vulgar. It is crazy to argue that there is a relationship between the imagery in Metal and some teen suicides and acts of violence. (Klosterman2008). The most powerful predictor of whether someone will commit suicide is the feeling of helplessness (Kahn2008). No one listens to Heavy Metal in order to feel helpless, they listen to Heavy Metal in order to feel empowered and connected with other people, and that may be empowered through a song that’s about suicide that makes you realize your not alone. And your not helpless and other people are going through the same thing; you don’t need to kill yourself! Human society should realize this because blaming such horrific incidents other people cause to themselves should not be blamed on people who are merely making art in their own personal ways, such as these bands. As the media and such sources uproar and release these serious issues about teen suicide and their causes, all over the world, parents should focus on Teen Society and how teens learning and hearing these issues of teen suicide may affect them personally. Teen youth does get affected by seeing this media provided information because it somewhat brainwashes them into thinking that music of such sorts leads them into suicide and disruptive mayhem. When they grow older they judge other teenagers amongst their societies and start labeling them.

How to Write an Extended Essay

How to Write an Extended Essay How to Write an Extended Essay In the following article we will give you some valuable advice on how to write a good extended essay. We will offer you just some useful tips and simple information here. The extended essay is actually a mini-diploma work which IB students have to write, besides several other papers. It has the same goals, basic structure, and context like the diploma theses which college students prepare. You must do your own piece of research, although it is usually stated that the extended essay does not constitute any type of research. In all cases, you conduct your investigation according to the criteria stipulated by the academic community: clear thesis, strong arguments and evidential support, comprehensible and concise work, loyalty to the facts, work with sources, and last but not least, fruitful collaboration with the assigned supervisor. The extended essay may be focused on a topic derived from every possible field of science, culture, and arts, so you should accommodate your work accordingly. For example, a work in the field of natural sciences may require conducting experiments; on the other hand, in the field of Philosophy you should work with philosophical theories. However, you must demonstrate some definite skills and competences. Writing an extended essay – important tips Define your topic You can choose your topic from a list. Try to narrow it down in order to be easier for you to set forth the main thesis. Wider topics are more difficult to be justified. Try to focus your efforts on a particular place, time, concept, or case. Preliminary research Find some sources on the topic and after that modify your topic and thesis accordingly. Work with academic literature, and be critical to the information available on the internet. You can search in Google Scholar or Google Books. Now you can write a draft of the extended essay. Structure The structure of your essay is strictly set according to the academic standards. You should write several parts: a title page, an abstract, body text, a conclusion, a bibliography, and (not necessary) appendice/s. You may use footnotes or endnotes, and also it would be good to prepare a glossary of the terms used (not necessary). The length should not exceed 4,000 words (without the abstract, the bibliography, the endnotes/footnotes and the appendices). Style You have to employ an academic reference style, for instance APA, MLA or Chicago/Turabian style (depending on the field of research). Try to write clearly and to be accurate in using definite terms (that means, you should be familiar with the terms you use). If you are not sure what a term means, don’t use it (replace it with a synonym). The same can be said about quotations: quote only short sentences or passages which you understand and can integrate into the text easily. Be careful: quotes should not exceed 10-15 % of the body text. Otherwise, the examiner would think you do not have anything important to say. Be loyal to the facts That means, never refer to the facts which are not well-proven, or that may support a theory contrary to your thesis. Check your sources. How can you do it? You should simply search for some criticism about the authors you refer to. Then you will be able to discern between the real scientist or researcher, and the pseudo-researcher. Be critical! The supervisor Your supervisor will review your work; he/she will give you some advice on the sources and information you should use. They will also check the draft of your essay and will recommend a way to improve it. Your supervisor is not the one who has to write the extended essay for you. Don’t expect it from them! The interview Although it is not an obligation, but still, it is recommended to have an interview with your supervisor. They will ask you some questions related to the text. The main goal is to check your knowledge in the field as well the authenticity of the work (to check for plagiarism). The extended essay is your first real test of the system of education. It operates as a â€Å"bridge† between the high school and tertiary education. By passing this exam, you will have more opportunities to find a good college.

Habits and Traits of Mites and Ticks

Habits and Traits of Mites and Ticks Not much love is lost on the mites and ticks of this world. Most people know little about them, other than the fact that some transmit diseases. The order name, Acari, derives from the Greek word Akari, meaning a small thing. They may be small, but mites and ticks have a big impact on our world. Characteristics Many mites and ticks are ectoparasites of other organisms, while some prey on other arthropods. Still, others feed on plants or decomposed organic matter like leaf litter. There are even gall-making mites. Take just a scoop of forest soil and examine it under a microscope, and you may find several hundred species of mites. Some are vectors of bacteria or other disease-causing organisms, making them a significant public health concern. Members of the order Acari are diverse, abundant, and sometimes economically important, though we know relatively little about them. Most mites and ticks have oval-shaped bodies, with two body regions (prosoma and opisthosoma) that may appear fused together. The Acari are indeed small, many measuring a mere millimeter long, even as adults. Ticks and mites go through four life cycle stages: egg, larva, nymph, and adult. Like all arachnids, they have 8 legs at maturity, but in the larval stage, most have just 6 legs. These tiny organisms often disperse by hitching rides on other, more mobile animals, a behavior known as phoresy. Habitat and Distribution Mites and ticks live just about everywhere on Earth, in both terrestrial and aquatic habitats. They live virtually everywhere that other animals live, including in nests and burrows, and are abundant in soil and leaf litter. Though over 48,000 species of mites and ticks have been described, the actual number of species in the order Acari may be many times that. Well over 5,000 species inhabit the U.S. and Canada alone. Groups and Suborders The order Acari is somewhat unusual, in that it is subdivided first into groups, and then again into suborders. Group Opilioacariformes - These mites look somewhat like small harvestmen in form, with long legs and leathery bodies. They live under debris or rocks and may be predaceous or omnivorous feeders. Group Parasitiformes - These are medium to large mites that lack abdominal segmentation. They breathe by virtue of paired ventrolateral spiracles. Most members of this group are parasitic. Suborders of the Parasitiformes:Suborder HolothryinaSuborder MesostigmataSuborder Ixodida - Ticks Group Acariformes - These small mites also lack abdominal segmentation. When spiracles are present, theyre located near the mouthparts. Suborders of the Acariformes:Suborder ProstigmataSuborder AstigmataSuborder Oribatida Sources Borror and DeLongs Introduction to the Study of Insects, 7th edition, by Charles A. Triplehorn and Norman F. Johnson.NWF Field Guide to Insects and Spiders of North America, by Arthur V. EvansLatin American Insects and Entomology, by Charles Leonard HogueIntroduction to the Acari, University of California Museum of Paleontology. Accessed February 26, 2013.Arachnida: Acari, class handouts from University of Minnesota Entomology Department. Accessed online February 26, 2013.Soil Arthropods, National Resources Conservation Service. Accessed February 26, 2013.